Methane
Ⅰ. Basic Information
Molecular Formula: CH₄ Molecular Weight: 16.04 CAS No.: 74-82-8
Appearance & Odor: Colorless, odorless gas
Melting Point: -182.5 °C
Boiling Point (1 atm): -161.5 °C
Density (0 °C, 1 atm): 0.717 kg/m³
Relative Density (Air=1): 0.555
Critical Temperature: -82.1 °C
Critical Pressure: 4.59 MPa
Solubility: Extremely slightly soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol and ether
Chemical Characteristics
Flammable gas; flammability limit in air: 5% ~ 15% (volume fraction)
Complete combustion produces carbon dioxide and water with high calorific value and low pollution.
Chemically stable at room temperature, and does not react with strong acids, strong alkalis or common strong oxidants.
High concentration may cause asphyxiation; low toxicity.
Ⅱ. Main Applications
·Energy Fuel Used for civil natural gas, industrial boiler fuel, power generation, CNG and LNG vehicle fuel.
·Chemical Raw Material Applied to produce methanol, formaldehyde, methyl chloride, dichloromethane, acetylene and carbon black; also used for hydrogen production via steam reforming.
·Industrial Heat Treatment Used for metal carburizing to improve surface hardness; serves as precursor for CVD preparation of graphene, carbon nanotubes and other carbon-based materials.
·Laboratory & Electronic Industry Used as carrier gas and fuel gas for gas chromatography, standard gas, as well as auxiliary gas for semiconductor etching, cleaning and epitaxial growth.
·Refrigeration Industry Applied as refrigerant R50 for low-temperature refrigeration.
Ⅲ. Packaging & Logistics
Packaging
Gaseous Methane (Cylinder) Adopt 40L seamless steel cylinder with working pressure of 15 MPa. The filling capacity is about 6 m³ at 25 °C. Cylinder body is painted red with white marks in accordance with national standards.
Liquefied Methane (LNG) Stored and transported in insulated cryogenic tanks and tank trucks under conditions of -162 °C and 0.1~0.3 MPa.
Transportation Information
UN No.: 1971
Hazard Class: Class 2.1 Flammable Gas
Dangerous Goods No.: 21007
Warning signs: Flammable Gas, No Open Flame
Storage & Transportation Requirements
Storage: Store in cool and ventilated warehouses with ambient temperature below 35 °C. Keep away from fire and heat sources with a safety distance of no less than 15 meters. Isolate from oxidants. Place cylinders upright and fix firmly with protective caps installed. Keep residual pressure above 0.5 MPa in empty cylinders.
Transport: Use dedicated tank trucks or cylinder vehicles, equipped with flame arresters, static conductive chains and dry powder fire extinguishers. The driving speed shall not exceed 60 km/h. Lay cylinders horizontally with bottle mouths in the same direction and fix to prevent rolling. Avoid direct sunlight; arrange transportation in morning and evening in hot seasons. Do not transport together with oxygen, chlorine and oxidants.
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