Propylene (Propene) - Concise Technical Overview
1. Basic Information
Chemical Formula: C₃H₆
IUPAC Name: Propene
Common Name: Propylene (industrial preference)
CAS No.: 115-07-1
UN Number: 1077 (Flammable Gas)
2. Key Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | -47.6°C (-53.7°F) |
| Density (Gas) | 1.81 kg/m³ (at 15°C, 1 atm) |
| Flammability Range | 2.0–11.1% (in air) |
| Purity Grades | Polymer-Grade (≥99.5%), Chemical-Grade (≥90%) |
3. Production Methods
Steam Cracking: From naphtha or ethane.
FCC Units: Byproduct of petroleum refining.
Propane Dehydrogenation (PDH): Dedicated propylene production.
4. Major Applications
Plastics (75%): Polypropylene (PP) production.
Chemicals (20%): Acrylonitrile, propylene oxide, cumene.
Fuel Additive (5%): Octane booster in gasoline.
Refrigerant (R1270): Eco-friendly alternative to HFCs.
5. Safety & Handling
Hazards: Extremely flammable, forms explosive mixtures with air.
Storage: Steel cylinders/ISO tanks (<50°C, away from oxidizers).
Transport Labels: "Flammable Gas 2.1" + UN1077.
6. Environmental Notes
GWP: 3 (negligible global warming impact).
Substitutes: Bio-based propylene (emerging technology).
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