n-Pentane R601 Introduction
Pentane (English name: Pentane, CAS No. 109-66-0) is a straight-chain saturated alkane. It is an extremely flammable organic liquid with an extremely low flash point, and is widely used in chemical industry, scientific research and other fields.
1. Core Basic Properties
Its chemical formula is C₅H₁₂ with a molecular weight of 72.15. It appears as a colorless transparent liquid with a faint mint odor. It has a melting point of -130℃, a boiling point of 36.1℃, a density of 0.626 g/cm³ and a flash point of -49.4℃. It is slightly soluble in water and easily soluble in most organic solvents such as ethanol and ether.
Its vapor can form explosive mixtures with air, with an explosion limit of 1.5%~7.8%. It is classified as a Class 3 flammable liquid with UN number 1265, and has acute toxicity to aquatic organisms.
2. Main Application Scenarios
Environmentally Friendly Blowing Agent: As a hydrocarbon-based eco-friendly blowing agent to replace chlorofluorocarbons, it is used in the production of polyurethane cold storage insulation panels and refrigerated truck insulation layers. With low thermal conductivity and low greenhouse gas emission, it is currently the mainstream green foaming material.
Industrial Solvent: It is used as a low-boiling-point solvent, suitable for dissolving catalysts in high-density polyethylene polymerization, and can also be used as a desorbent for molecular sieves.
Scientific Research and Analysis Application: It serves as a standard reference liquid for gas chromatography analysis, used for qualitative and quantitative calibration of long-chain alkane components, and can also be used to prepare standard calibration gases.
Other Narrow Applications: It can be used to synthesize amyl alcohol and isopentane, and can also be used as a raw material to manufacture low-temperature thermometers, industrial anesthetics and other products.
3. Safety Storage and Transportation Points
It should be stored in a dedicated hazardous chemical warehouse that is cool and well-ventilated. The warehouse temperature should not exceed 29℃, kept away from open flames and heat sources, stored separately from oxidants, and equipped with explosion-proof lighting facilities.
The transportation must be carried out by enterprises with hazardous chemical transportation qualifications, using special sealed containers, taking static electricity elimination measures, driving along the specified routes, avoiding sudden braking and sharp turns. In case of leakage, use activated carbon for adsorption or cover with foam to reduce vapor hazards.
4. Reference for Critical Mass of Major Hazard Installations
According to the GB 18218-2018 standard, when the storage temperature of the tank is higher than the boiling point of pentane (36.1℃), the critical mass for major hazard installations is 10 tons. If the operating conditions avoid the explosion limit range, the critical mass can be relaxed to 1000 tons. In industrial scenarios, it is recommended to take circulating cooling measures for the tank to reduce risks.
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