n-Pentadecane
n-Pentadecane (chemical formula: C₁₅H₃₂) is a straight-chain saturated alkane composed of 15 carbon atoms, belonging to the paraffin hydrocarbon family.
1. Basic Physical and Chemical Properties
Appearance: A colorless, odorless, transparent liquid at room temperature and pressure.
Melting Point: Approximately 9.9°C ~ 10°C (it tends to crystallize and solidify in colder environments).
Boiling Point: Approximately 270.6°C.
Density: About 0.77 g/cm³. It is lighter than water, insoluble in water, but highly soluble in organic solvents like ether and chloroform.
2. Main Applications
Industry and Chemical Engineering: Commonly used as a raw material for organic synthesis, a solvent, or a reference substance for chromatographic analysis.
Phase Change Energy Storage Materials: Due to its distinct solid-liquid phase transition near room temperature (approx. 10°C) and high latent heat of phase transition, n-pentadecane is widely used as a Phase Change Material (PCM). Applications include building energy conservation, temperature-regulating textiles, and cold chain thermal insulation.
Scientific Research and Pharmaceuticals: Used as a standard reference in laboratories, or as an intermediate and carrier in drug synthesis.
3. Safety and Precautions
Flammability: It is a flammable liquid. Its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and are highly susceptible to ignition or explosion upon contact with open flames or high heat.
Toxicology: It has low toxicity but can cause mild irritation to the eyes and skin. Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause defatting, dryness, or dermatitis.
First Aid and Protection: Ensure adequate ventilation during handling, keep away from ignition sources, and wear appropriate protective gloves and safety goggles. In case of skin contact, wash immediately with soap and plenty of water.
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