Cyclopentane
Basic Information
Cyclopentane is a cycloalkane with the chemical formula C₅H₁₀. Its five carbon atoms are connected by single bonds to form a five-membered ring, with each carbon atom also bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
1. Structure and Conformation
Molecular formula: C₅H₁₀, consistent with the cycloalkane general formula CₙH₂ₙ.
The carbon ring is not planar. To reduce ring strain (torsional and angle strain), it spontaneously twists into an envelope or half-chair conformation, where four carbon atoms are roughly coplanar and one carbon atom is puckered out of the plane.
2. Physical Properties
State & Odor: Colorless clear liquid at room temperature with a gasoline-like刺激性 (irritating) odor.
Flammability: Highly flammable; its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air.
Solubility: Insoluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents such as ethanol, diethyl ether, benzene, and acetone.
Melting/Boiling Point: Melting point approx. -94°C, boiling point approx. 49°C.
Main Applications
Blowing Agent: Used in the production of rigid polyurethane (PU) foam for insulation in refrigerators, freezers, and pipelines. This is one of its largest uses, serving as an environmentally friendly substitute for chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) (ODP = 0).
Solvent: Used in the electronics industry for cleaning silicon wafers or as a reaction medium.
Synthetic Intermediate: A precursor to chemicals such as cyclopentanol and cyclopentanone, which are then used to manufacture pharmaceuticals, fragrances, etc.
Others: Also found in azeotropic solvent blends or specialty fuel additives.
Packing & Transportation
Packing: 150kg per 200L iron drum, or ISO tank container.Hazard class 3, UN1146(flammable liquid).Store in cool & ventilated warehouse below 30℃, away from fire and oxidants.
Safety Notice
Highly flammable; its vapor tends to gather at low-lying area and cause explosion.High-concentration inhalation may lead to dizziness and nausea.Operate with full ventilation, anti-explosion equipment and anti-static measures.
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